Solar Ribbon is an important part of solar PV module, which is used to connect the PV cell to the junction box, to transmit the current and to form the current loop.The material and type of Solar Ribbon have a significant impact on the performance and reliability of the PV module. This article will introduce the basic concepts, materials and types of Solar Ribbon.
Material of Solar Ribbon
Solar Ribbon, also called tinned copper ribbon, is covered with a uniform layer of tin-based solder. Its main function is to transmit and converge the current generated by the cells, to transport the power from the cells to the junction box, and to connect with other components to form a complete current loop. solar ribbon is closely related to the reliability of photovoltaic modules, the efficiency of current collection, and the fragmentation rate of solar cells and other performance indicators.
Types of Solar Ribbon
There are many types of Solar Ribbon, according to the direction of product application can be divided into interconnection bar and Solar busbar. interconnection bar is used to connect the PV cell, collect and transfer current. It is located on the front and back of the cell at the grid positions and connects the positive and negative terminals of neighbouring cells to form a series circuit, while the Solar busbar is used to connect the PV strings to the junction box and to transfer the current from the strings. It connects numerous strings of cells to form a complete current path.
Types of interconnecting strips include conventional welding tapes, MBB welding tapes, thin and ultra-narrow welding tapes, low-temperature welding tapes, low-resistance welding tapes and shaped welding tapes. Conventional strips have excellent properties such as low yield and high tensile strength, which are suitable for conventional module production, while MBB strips have thinner and fewer grid lines, which helps to reduce shading on the cell and increase the module power. Thin and ultra-narrow ribbons reduce the width and thickness of the ribbons, which reduces costs. Low-temperature ribbons use low-temperature melting-point solder, which helps to reduce the cell debris rate. Low resistance soldering tape reduces the resistance of the tape by changing the structure of the copper substrate and the thickness of the coating, which reduces the power loss of the module due to series resistance. Shaped busbars, on the other hand, have a shaped structure and are used to maximise the reflection of sunlight and increase module power.
Solar busbar types include conventional solar busbar, perforated busbar, BIPV black busbar, bent busbar, and stacked busbar. Conventional Solar busbars are available in tray and shaft packaging and are suitable for the production of conventional PV modules. Perforated busbars are punched and formed into a hollow centre for the cell connection of stacked watt modules. The black welding tapes are colour-matched to meet the module appearance requirements and reduce optical contamination. The bending strip is used to replace two Solar busbars that are spot-welded to each other by bending them at 90°, which improves the production efficiency of the module customers. Thinner and with lower yield strength, Solar Ribbon can be used in high-density stacked watt modules, where it can be welded to thinner cells to achieve smaller module sizes, reduce costs and increase module power per unit area.
In conclusion, Solar Ribbon, as an important part of solar PV module, has an important impact on the performance and reliability of the module. With the continuous development of photovoltaic technology, the materials and types of Solar Ribbon have also put forward higher requirements. In the future, with the continuous progress of technology and application requirements, the types of Solar Ribbon will be more abundant and the performance will be improved.
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